INTRODUCTION

1.1   INTRODUCTION
     Maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) or maintenance, repair, and overhaul involve fixing any sort of mechanical, plumbing or electrical device should it become out of order or broken. It also includes performing routine actions which keep the device in working order or prevents trouble from arising.

       MRO may be defined as, "All actions which have the objective of retaining or restoring an item in or to a state in which it can perform its required function. The actions include the combination of all technical and corresponding administrative, managerial, and supervision actions.

1.2   OBJECTIVES

• Must be consistent with the goals of production (cost, delivery, safety).

• Must be comprehensive and include specific responsibilities.

1.3   PRINCIPLE OF MAINTENANCE

• To achieve product quality and customer satisfaction through adjusted and serviced equipment

• Maximize useful life of equipment

• Keep equipment safe and prevent hazards

• Minimize frequency and severity of interruptions

1.4   TYPES OF MAINTENANCE

1. Breakdown maintenance

• It means that people waits until equipment fails and repair it. Such a thing could be used when the equipment failure does not significantly affect the operation or production or generate any significant loss other than repair cost.

2. Preventive maintenance (1951)

• It is a daily maintenance (cleaning, inspection, oiling and re-tightening), design to retain the healthy condition of equipment and prevent failure through the prevention of deterioration, periodic inspection or equipment condition diagnosis, to measure deterioration. It is further divided into periodic maintenance and predictive maintenance. Just like human life is extended by preventive medicine, the equipment service life can be prolonged by doing preventive maintenance.

3. Periodic maintenance (Time based maintenance - TBM)

• Time based maintenance consists of periodically inspecting, servicing and cleaning equipment and replacing parts to prevent sudden failure and process problems.

4. Predictive maintenance

• This is a method in which the service life of important part is predicted based on inspection or diagnosis, in order to use the parts to the limit of their service life. Compared to periodic maintenance, predictive maintenance is condition based maintenance. It manages trend values, by measuring and analyzing data about deterioration and employs a surveillance system, designed to monitor conditions through an on-line system.

5. Corrective maintenance (1957)

• It improves equipment and its components so that preventive maintenance can be carried out reliably. Equipment with design weakness must be redesigned to improve reliability or improving maintainability.

6. Maintenance prevention (1960)

• It indicates the design of new equipment. Weakness of current machines are sufficiently studied on site information leading to failure prevention, easier maintenance and prevents of defects, safety and ease of manufacturing) and are incorporated before commissioning a new equipment.